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["放射类实验室安全与环保评估指标"]
["单位名称：　　　　　楼名：　　　　房间号：　　　负责人：　　　　检查人：　　　　检查时间：　　　　检查结论："]
["一级指标","二级指标","三级指标",null,"检查评估方式","评估结论"]
[{"$nulls":5},"符合要求","不符合要求","不涉及"]
["1.人员安全","1.1制度建设","1.1.1","实验室安全责任人明确且与学院签订了安全责任书","现场查看"]
[null,null,"1.1.2","工作场所应在醒目位置悬挂四个上墙文件：“工作场所安全管理要求”、“工作人员岗位职责”、“操作规程”、“放射事故应急响应程序”","现场查看"]
[null,null,"1.1.3","工作场所应制定“射线装置和防护设施的维护维修方案”、“放射水平监测方案”、“监测仪器使用与校验方案”、“防止放射性污染措施”，非密封放射性物质工作场所还应制定“放射性废物处置方案”，并有相应的实施记录","查看分类档案及管理措施"]
[null,null,"1.1.4","实验室实施危险源分级分类管理","查看分类档案及管理措施"]
[null,null,"1.1.5","实验室有安全值日安排表和相关执行记录","查看值日记录档案"]
[null,null,"1.1.6","实验室安全责任人每周开展安全巡查不少于1次并有记录","查看巡查记录"]
[null,"1.2教育与培训","1.2.1","从事放射工作的人员均须向学校备案，并取得国家法定有效的《放射安全与防护培训合格证书》","查看上岗证"]
[null,null,"1.2.2","其他放射实验参与人员必须接受学校或单位的安全教育并通过准入考核后，方能进入放射工作场所参与实验","查看培训记录"]
[null,null,"1.2.3","实验室负责人定期对学生进行放射安全与环保知识培训（每月≥1次）","查看培训记录"]
[null,null,"1.2.4","实验参与人员熟悉核素的危险特性、操作规程、注意事项、应急处置","现场抽查"]
[null,null,"1.2.5","实验参与人员熟悉所用射线装置和核素实验仪器设备的安全操作规程、注意事项、应急处置","现场观察与抽查"]
[null,null,"1.2.6","实验人员熟悉并能正确使用消防设施设备","查看培训记录、现场提问"]
[null,null,"1.2.7","实验人员熟悉逃生路线和紧急应对措施，清楚急救箱、灭火器材的位置","现场提问"]
[null,"1.3行为规范及个人防护","1.3.2","严格按“辐射安全许可证”许可的核素和射线装置的活动种类和范围内开展放射性实验","现场查看"]
[null,null,"1.3.3","严格按照每一种类核素和每一台射线装置的操作规程进行操作","现场查看"]
[null,null,"1.3.4","实验人员实验时不脱岗；实验室不存在门开着而无人在场现象","现场查看"]
[null,null,"1.3.5","实验室内无存放或烧煮食物、饮食及吸烟现象","有无烹饪工具、食物、吸烟痕迹"]
[null,null,"1.3.6","不存在在实验室内睡觉过夜现象","有无席子、被褥等"]
[null,null,"1.3.7","来访人员须经实验室负责人同意并有记录","现场查看"]
[null,null,"1.3.8","在进行实验时，应按具体需要穿戴实验服或防护服、防护眼镜、防护手套等","现场查看"]
[null,null,"1.3.9","在进行实验时，工作人员必须佩戴个人剂量计，并按规定送检","现场查看"]
[null,null,"1.3.10","进行非密封核素实验时，必须在许可证核准的场所进行","现场查看"]
[null,null,"1.3.11","应急个人防护用品分散存放在安全场所，并有明显标识，紧急情况下便于取用","现场查看；是否失效；"]
[null,null,"1.3.12","通宵实验须至少两人在场并有事先审批制度及记录","检查审批制度及记录"]
[null,null,"1.3.13","穿着防护用品时，不得随意出入公共场所（如会议室、办公室、休息室、餐厅、电梯等）","现场查看"]
[null,null,"1.3.14","实验室应配备急救药箱，药箱不上锁、药品正确且在保质期内","现场查看"]
[null,"1.4其他","1.4.1","手机、银行卡、校园卡等物品不得带入高磁场实验室","查看提醒标识"]
[null,null,"1.4.2","实验记录规范、清晰","检查实验记录"]
["2.设备安全","2.1仪器设备","2.1.1","射线装置的购买，必须向学校职能部门申报，并遵循环保程序，通过环保部门审批，取得合法使用权","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.1.2","射线装置必须由取得法定的上岗证、职业体检合格、个人剂量检测合格的人员进行操作和管理维护","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.1.3","加速器配备能正常运行的工作状态指示灯、安全连锁装置、紧急停机装置、固定式辐射剂量仪和安全报警装置等必须的安全保障设施，并保证其始终处于正常运行的状态","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.1.4","建立射线装置使用记录、自我监测记录、维护记录、安全检查记录","查看记录"]
[null,null,"2.1.5","射线装置的报废，必须向学校职能部门申报，去功能化并留存去功能化过程的相关证据后，方可处置残体","现场查看"]
[null,"2.2气瓶安全","2.2.1","钢瓶表面要有合格证、气体名称标签、颜色标识、装有减压阀。","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.2.2","易燃、易爆、毒害性大的气体钢瓶配有MSDS信息卡及应急处置卡","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.2.3","气瓶保存必须满足的要求：（1）气体钢瓶应当靠墙直立放置，并采取防止倾倒措施；（2）应当避免曝晒、远离热源、腐蚀性材料和潜在的冲击；（3）钢瓶不得放于走廊与门厅，以防紧急疏散时受阻及其它意外事件的发生；(4)易燃气体气瓶与助燃气体气瓶不得混合放置；(5)可燃、易燃压力气瓶离明火距离不得小于10米；（6）易燃气体及有毒气体气瓶必须安放在规范的、安全的专用柜中；","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.2.4","气瓶使用必须满足的要求：①打开减压阀前应当擦净钢瓶阀门出口的水和尘灰。钢瓶使用完，将钢瓶主阀关闭并释放减压阀内过剩的压力，须套上安全帽(原设计中无需安全帽者除外) 以防阀门受损。取下安全帽时必须谨慎小心以免无意中打开钢瓶主阀。\n②不得将钢瓶完全用空(尤其是乙炔、氢气、氧气钢瓶)，必须留存一定的正压力。\n③气体钢瓶必须在减压阀和出气阀完好无损的情况下，在通风良好的场所使用，涉及有毒气体时应增加局部通风\n④在使用装有有毒或腐蚀性气体的钢瓶时，应戴防护眼镜、面罩、手套和工作围裙。严禁敲击和碰撞压力气瓶。\n⑤氧气钢瓶的减压阀、阀门及管路禁止涂油类或脂类。\n⑥钢瓶转运应使用钢瓶推车并保持直立，同时，关紧减压阀。\n实验结束后，气体钢瓶总阀须关闭。","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.2.5","气体管路连接正确、有标识，管路材质选择合适，无破损或老化现象，定期进行气体泄漏检查；存在多条气体管路的房间须张贴详细的管路图","现场查看，危险气体使用金属管"]
[null,null,"2.2.6","无大量气体钢瓶堆放现象和无较多废弃钢瓶存在的现象","现场查看"]
[null,"2.3喷淋与洗眼装置","2.3.1","根据实验需要配置应急喷淋装置及洗眼器","现场检查，允许公用且15秒内可达"]
[null,null,"2.3.2","应急喷淋安装地点与工作区域之间畅通，15秒内可达","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.3.3","应急喷淋安装位置合适，拉杆位置合适、方向正确，水管总阀处于常开状，喷淋头下方无障碍物","拉杆往下拉出水；在走廊安装可以没有下水道"]
[null,null,"2.3.4","洗眼装置接入生活用水管道，水量水压适中（喷出高度8-10cm），水流畅通平稳","不得接消防用水"]
[null,null,"2.3.5","定期维护应急喷淋与洗眼装置，并有检查记录（每月启动一次阀门，时刻保证管内流水畅通）；每周擦拭洗眼喷头","查看维护记录、无锈水脏水"]
[null,"2.4消防设施","2.4.1","有足量且与实验室特性相匹配的消防灭火设备（如灭火器、消防沙、灭火毯等）","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.4.2","灭火器在有效期内（压力指针位置正常等），安全销（拉针）正常，瓶身无破损、腐蚀","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.4.3","有消防自动报警系统（含烟温感应报警器、声光报警器等）","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.4.4","室内有消防逃生路径图","现场查看"]
[null,"2.5通风系统","2.5.1","非密封核素实验场所须配备符合要求的通风系统，管道风机需防腐，使用可燃气体场所应采用防爆风机","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.5.2","实验室通风系统运行正常，柜口面风速0.35-0.75 m/s，定期进行维护、检修有记录；屋顶风机固定无松动、无异常噪声","现场风速测定、查阅记录"]
[null,null,"2.5.3","根据需要在通风橱管路上安装有毒有害气体的吸附或处理装置（如活性炭、光催化分解、水喷淋等），严禁直接排放","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.5.4","任何可能产生高浓度有害气体而导致个人曝露、或产生可燃、可爆炸气体或蒸汽而导致积聚的实验，都应在通风橱内进行","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.5.5","进行实验时，可调玻璃视窗开至据台面10-15cm，保持通风效果，并保护操作人员胸部以上部位","现场查看，视窗材料应是钢化玻璃"]
[null,null,"2.5.6","实验人员在通风橱进行实验时，避免将头伸入调节门内；不将一次性手套或较轻的塑料袋等留在通风橱内，以免堵塞排风口","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.5.7","通风橱内应避免放置过多物品、器材，以免干扰空气的正常流动；通风橱内放置物品应距离调节门内侧15cm左右，以免掉落","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.5.8","涉及易燃易爆有机试剂的通风橱内不得安装电源插座","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.5.9","配备通风罩等的实验场所，换气扇、风机使用正常","出口是否堵塞"]
[null,"2.6门禁与监控","2.6.1","核素的储存和工作场所以及Ⅱ类以上射线装置操控室应安装门禁和监控设施，运转正常，有专人管理","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.6.2","监控不留死角，图像清晰，人员出入记录可查，视频记录存储时间大于1个月","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.6.3","实验室采用门禁系统的，与实验室准入制度相关联","现场查看"]
[null,"2.7水电安全","2.7.1","每一个实验房间有符合国家标准的空气断路器（空气开关）","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.7.2","对有特殊用电要求的设备，设置了专用电路及独立电源","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.7.3","实验室电容量、插头插座与用电设备功率需匹配，电源插座须固定","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.7.4","不私自乱拉乱接电线电缆，不使用老化的线缆、花线和木质配电板","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.7.5","禁止多个接线板串接供电，接线板不宜直接置于地面","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.7.6","不得长时间使用临时接线板，同一插线板上不得长时间同时使用多种电器","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.7.7","大功率仪器（包括空调等）使用专用插座（不可使用接线板），用电负荷满足要求；长时间不用时，应切断电源","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.7.8","无人监管状态下，应切断充电器（宝）的充电电源","有提醒标志"]
[null,null,"2.7.9","电源插座不宜安装在水槽边，若确有需要，应增设防护挡板或防护罩","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.7.10","电线接头绝缘可靠，无裸露连接线，地面上的线缆应有盖板或护套","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.7.11","公共通道内不得铺设明线、线管、线槽","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.7.12","配电柜/箱无物品遮挡，操作方便；配电箱、开关、插座等周围无易燃易爆物品堆放","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.7.13","插座、插头、接线板为国家质量认证的合格产品，无烧焦变形、破损现象","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.7.14","容易积水的实验场所，禁止设置地面插座","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.7.15","实验结束时，切断电源（有特殊用电要求的除外）","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.7.16","水槽、地漏及下水道畅通，水龙头、上下水管无破损","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.7.17","各类连接管无老化破损（特别是冷却冷凝系统的橡胶管接口处）","现场查看"]
[null,null,"2.7.18","实验人员清楚所在楼层及实验室的各级水管总阀位置","提问实验人员"]
["3.物料安全","3.1物料购买","3.1.1","核素的转入，必须向学校职能部门申报，并遵循环保程序，通过环保部门审批，取得合法使用权","现场查看"]
[null,null,"3.1.2","购买的核素应有规范的验收入库记录","查看验收记录"]
[null,"3.2物料保存","3.2.1","核素储存场所应有门禁及视频监控系统（与公安或保卫部门联网），配备固定式辐射剂量仪及报警装置","现场查看"]
[null,null,"3.2.2","建立核素的验收入库记录、存量台账、使用进出台账，做到账物相符","现场查看"]
[null,"3.3物料使用","3.3.1","核素必须由取得法定的上岗证、职业体检合格、个人剂量检测合格的人员进行操作和管理","现场查看"]
[null,null,"3.3.2","建立核素的实验记录","现场查看"]
[null,null,"3.3.3","密封核素的报废，必须向学校职能部门申报，并遵循环保程序，进行销项","现场查看，信息不缺项"]
[null,null,"3.3.4","非密封核素的实验须在手套箱和通风橱中进行，并在实验装置尾端配有气溶胶吸收装置","现场查看"]
[null,null,"3.3.5","装有非密封核素的试剂瓶、烧杯、烧瓶不得无盖放置"]
[null,null,"3.3.6","非密封核素实验产生的固体废物和废液必须进行分类收集，置放于设有衰变池或配有收集容器的专门暂存点，严禁随意倒入下水道或丢弃。放射性废物暂存点的入口处，设置有醒目的辐射警示标志","现场查看"]
["4.实验工艺与方法安全","4.1工艺设计评估与应急准备","4.1.1","核素实验要制定危险实验、危险化工工艺指导书，便于取阅，所开展的每一个项目都有明确的工艺路线设计方案，未完成路线设计时不准开始实验","现场检查是否有作业指导书，查看工艺路线设计方案"]
[null,null,"4.1.2","实验室负责人及指导老师对实验项目方案、工艺路线有安全性评估且有记录，实验过程中对工艺路线的每一次改动都须重新进行安全性评估","现场检查评估资料"]
[null,null,"4.1.3","建立针对核素实验的应急预案，实验人员熟悉其危险性及应急处理措施","现场查看、提问"]
[null,null,"4.1.4","核素实验应建立针对实验工艺、实验方法的安全评估记录"]
[null,null,"4.1.5","实验室负责人及指导老师对学生自主从事的实验项目有监督、指导记录","现场检查"]
[null,"4.2实验操作安全","4.2.1","不使用破损量筒、试管等玻璃器皿","现场查看"]
[null,null,"4.2.2","实验人员严格遵守实验操作规则和步骤，无违规操作","现场检查"]
["5.环境安全","5.1外部环境","5.1.1","实验室房间号编号规则有序，屋顶天花板安全固定、地面平整","现场查看"]
[null,null,"5.1.2","每个房间门口挂有安全信息牌，信息包括安全责任人、涉及危险类别、防护措施和有效的应急联系电话等，并及时更新","有信息牌，信息完整，应急电话有效"]
[null,null,"5.1.3","实验室门上有观察窗，外开门不阻挡逃生路径","危险性实验室有观察窗，并且没有遮挡"]
[null,null,"5.1.4","实验室消防通道通畅，公共通道不堆放仪器、物品","消防通道通畅"]
[null,null,"5.1.5","实验楼大走廊在特殊情况下允许单边放置冰箱等设备（需加锁），但必须保证留有大于2.0米净宽的消防通道，需向学校报批；不得放置加热、机械运动设备","现场查看、报批记录"]
[null,null,"5.1.6","超过200平方米的实验楼层应具有至少两处紧急出口，75平方米以上实验室应开有两扇门","查看室内外"]
[null,"5.2内部环境","5.2.1","工作场所的入口处应张贴电离辐射警示标识","查看标识，应当清晰有效"]
[null,null,"5.2.2","核素实验应配备剂量监测仪、计量报警仪、表面污染仪并有监测记录","有提醒标志，查看记录"]
[null,null,"5.2.3","非密封核素应设有衰变池或配有收集容器的专门暂存点"]
[null,null,"5.2.4","实验室装修改造有申报及消防合格验收资料","查看保卫处消防科出具的消防验收合格表"]
[null,null,"5.2.5","实验室内不得随意搭建阁楼，操作区层高不低于2米","现场查看"]
[null,null,"5.2.6","实验操作台应选用合格的防火、防腐材料","实验台材料合格"]
[null,null,"5.2.7","照明良好，桌面光照度一般不小于150LX","照明良好"]
[null,null,"5.2.8","噪声一般低于55分贝（机械设备可低于70分贝）","噪声达标"]
[null,null,"5.2.9","实验室内已废弃不用的配电箱、插座、水管水龙头、网线、气体管路等，应及时拆除或封闭","现场查看"]
[null,null,"5.2.10","实验室水、电、气管线布局合理，选用合格产品，安装施工规范","现场查看"]
[null,null,"5.2.11","有毒有害实验区与学习区明确分开","现场查看"]
[null,null,"5.2.12","实验室卫生状况良好，物品摆放有序；实验完毕物品归位，桌面整洁","现场查看"]
[null,null,"5.2.13","实验室无废弃物品（如纸板箱、废电脑、破仪器、破家具等）长期堆放","现场查看"]
[null,null,"5.2.14","实验室内不放无关物品，如电动车、自行车等","现场查看"]
[null,"5.3其他","5.3.1","实验室不得使用可燃性蚊香","现场查看"]
[null,null,"5.3.2","废弃不用的核素工作场所，必须向学校职能部门申报，依法实施退役","现场查看与资料"]
[]
["指标使用说明：",null,"（1）“危险源”主要是指实验室中具有易燃易爆性、高毒害性、强腐蚀性、放射性、高致病性实验原料和高温高压设备、高电压设备、超低温设备以及射线装置等。"]
[null,null,"（2）“特殊设备”主要是指具有高危险性的设备如二类及以上射线装置、高电压设备、爆炸性实验使用设备等"]
[null,null,"（3）关键指标属于“一票否决”指标，任一关键指标不达标，即判定该实验室安全管理不合格。本指标体系中的关键指标有：1.1.1；1.2.1；1.2.2；1.3.4；2.2.5；2.4.1；2.4.2；3.2.1"]
[null,null,"（4）同时涉及化学类、生物医学类、辐射类、机械类、电子电气类中的两种及以上的实验室，第一次评估时按相应类型分别进行评估，将评估结果进行综合调整形成该实验室专属评估指标。"]

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